Relay module

Description

A Relay Module is an electronic switching device that uses an electromagnetic relay to control high-voltage or high-current loads with a low-power signal. Commonly used with microcontrollers, PLCs, and automation systems, relay modules provide electrical isolation between control and load circuits, ensuring safe and reliable operation. Available in single-channel or multi-channel versions, they are widely used in industrial, commercial, and DIY automation applications.

Specifications

• Type: Electromechanical / Solid-State Relay Module

• Channels: 1, 2, 4, 8, or more (depending on model)

• Control Voltage: 3.3V DC / 5V DC / 12V DC / 24V DC

• Load Voltage: AC 110V – 250V or DC 0–30V (varies by type)

• Load Current: Typically 10A per channel (higher capacity available)

• Isolation: Optocoupler isolation for safety (in most models)

• Mounting: PCB mount / Screw terminal / DIN rail (industrial type)

• Protection: LED indicators, overvoltage, and surge protection (model dependent)

Applications

• Industrial automation and process control

• Home automation and smart devices

• PLC and microcontroller projects (Arduino, Raspberry Pi, ESP32, etc.)

• Motor, pump, and solenoid control

• Lighting and HVAC systems

• Renewable energy and power distribution panels

Advantages

• Allows low-power devices to control high-power loads

• Provides electrical isolation for system safety

• Available in multiple channel configurations

• Easy to interface with microcontrollers and PLCs

• Cost-effective and versatile switching solution

Disadvantages

• Mechanical relays have limited switching life (wear and tear)

• Slower switching speed compared to solid-state relays

• Generates noise (clicking sound in mechanical relays)

• Requires proper driver circuitry for high-current loads